What is Database?
A database is an organized collection of data. To be more precise, a database is an electronic system that allows data to be accessed, manipulated and updated. Database is the most convenient way used by the organization to store, manage and retrieve information.
 |
Types of Databases
Depending upon the requirement of usage, there are
different types of databases that are available in the market which are as
follows:
· Centralized
database
· Distributed
database
· Personal
database
· End-user
database
· Commercial
database
· NoSQL
database
· Operational
database
· Relational
database
· Cloud
database
· Object-oriented
database
· Graph database
Examples of Database
The most popular type of database that is being used
or is available in the market are as follows:
- Oracle
database
- SQL
- MySQL
Database Management System
A database management system is a software package
that has been designed to define, manipulate, retrieve and manage data in the
database. DBMS generally manipulates the data by itself, the format of the data,
field names, structure of the record and the file structure. DBMS also defines
the rules to validate and manipulate the data.
Types of Databases
- Hierarchical - Hierarchical DBMS employs the
"parent-child" relationship of storing data. This type of DBMS
is rarely used nowadays. Its structure is like a tree with nodes representing
records and branches representing fields. The windows registry used in
Windows XP is an example of a hierarchical database. Configuration
settings are stored as tree structures with nodes.
- Network DBMS - Network DBMS supports many-to-many relations.
This usually results in complex database structures. RDM Server is an
example of a database management system that implements the network model.
- Relational DBMS - Relational DBMS defines database relationships
in the form of tables, also known as relations. Unlike network DBMS, RDBMS
does not support many to many relationships. Relational DBMS usually have
pre-defined data types that they can support. This is the most popular
DBMS type in the market. Examples of relational database management systems
include MySQL, Oracle, and Microsoft SQL Server database.
- Object-Oriented DBMS – Object-oriented DBMS supports the storage of
new data types. The data to be stored is in the form of objects. The
objects to be stored in the database have attributes (i.e. gender, ager)
and methods that define what to do with the data. PostgreSQL is an example
of an object-oriented relational DBMS.
Advantages of Database
There are many advantages of using database. Some of
them are as follows:
- Data
redundancy is reduced.
- Reduced
updating errors and consistency has been increased.
- Greater
data integrity and independence from application programs.
- Improved
access to data to users through the usage of hosts and query languages.
- Security
of data has increased.
- The
need for data entry, storage and cost of retrieval has reduced.
Disadvantages of Database
There are many disadvantages of databases as well some
of them are as follows:
- Cost
of hardware and software of DBMS is high which increases the budget of the
organization.
- Usage
of same program by multiple users can often lead to the loss of data.
- Cannot
perform sophisticated calculations.
So with that we have come to the end of our article
where we discussed about what is a database, what are the various types of
database then we discussed about various databases that are being used across
various organizations and lastly we discussed database management system what
are its advantages and disadvantages.
Please provide your feedback after visiting this
article as the feedback shared by you really matters the most to me.
No comments:
Post a Comment